Differential Hall-Effect Spectroscopy (DHES) for n-type semiconductor

 

The electron concentration  produced by different donor species (density  and energy level ) and one acceptor (density ) is expressed by

.                                     (1)

The derivative  is derived as

                                                                    (2)

  Since energy levels measured from the bottom of the conduction band are described as

                                                     (3)

and

,                                                      (4)

the DHES signal is theoretically expressed by

.  (5)

The function

has a maximum of

at .